The definitive resource on the role of metals in the energy transition

As the global energy transition accelerates, rising demand for some critical metals is outpacing supply chain capacity, creating structural market imbalances that threaten to constrain decarbonization efforts. Copper, graphite, aluminium, lithium, cobalt and manganese are all seeing sharp demand increases thanks to electric vehicles, energy storage, grid expansion and data centers. However, copper faces significant pressure, with the market entering a structural deficit next year and facing a projected shortfall of 19 million metric tons by 2050 if new mines and recycling facilities are not developed. Graphite is expected to face a technical deficit after 2030 as battery demand grows faster than primary supply.